Harvesting Hazards after the Fire

Going through wildfire evacuation is tough enough. First there is the panic of knowing you must leave home NOW. Then there is the desperation to gather everything important in the house that you have gained in life. But this is why you put it in the house to begin with.

Aside from all that, there is the returning. Great Blessings from Above, our home is still standing! The garden still alive, if thirsty from the heat. Tomatoes are ripening. We are grateful as the ashy sky collects and cools in the coastal fog. Morning shows the layers of ash on everything. And it doesn’t just brush off.

Safe Cleanup of Fire Ash

(this from placer.ca.gov website)

  • Do not allow children to play in the ash.
  • Wash ash off children’s toys before children play with them.
  • Clean ash off house pets.
  • Wear gloves, long sleeved shirts, and long pants and avoid skin contact.
  • If you do get ash on your skin, wash it off as soon as possible.
  • If you have a vegetable garden or fruit trees, wash the fruit or vegetables thotoughly before eating them.
  • Avoid getting ash into the air as much as possible. Do not use leaf blowers or take other actions that will put ash into the air.

You get the idea. Ash is dangerous on your skin, in your lungs and in your digestive system. Don’t go walking through the woods (unprotected) after a woodland fire. And watch for “widow-maker” trees and branches. They can break and fall without warning and their name says it all.

Here is a handy approximate breakdown of woodash components: http://hubcap.clemson.edu/~blpprt/bestwoodash.html#table1 It is provided by Clemson University, and the source is an article on the application of woodash as a soil amendment vs. using limestone, presumably in an agricultural setting but their estimates are useful for any application.

Incidentally, there has been a lot of hoopla about the problem of Sudden Oak Death (SOD). This was explained to me as a disease caused by a lack of potassium in the plant or tree. Simply adding potassium to acidic soil won’t help, because potassium cannot be absorbed by the plant when soil pH is much higher than 6.8. Woodash is the best method to reduce pH in the soil, and it adds potassium along with other minerals, thereby maintaining a balance of available nutrients for healthy soil and plants. 

The point being, that while there are hazards to humans after a woodland fire, our woodlands themselves will be healthier for this adjustment and nutrient replenishment to the soil. Sometimes blessings come in ashey ’silver’ linings.

No End In Sight

The mass of grey wool single-ply sat neatly wound on the bobbin, mocking me. This quiet Sunday with everyone still sleepng and morning chores done, I had been spinning about 20 minutes and with some satisfaction because the twist was even, and so was the diameter.

Without warning, the thread would not pick up from my hands. The twist became unruly, and *pop*, broke off in my hand. I re-threaded the ply through the wheel’s uptake and began to spin again. Finding my pace settling in again and *pop* it broke again this time back farther – on the bobbin. The end nestled sweetly in the winding thread, and nowhere to be found. Now my morning’s work mocked me from it’s comfort, and I became amused.

Thread is no match for me. I found a bit near the end and began to unwind it from the bobbin, thinking surely the end would discover itself to me. The thread in my hand settled back onto the bobbin, twisting itself round as I searched for the end, quietly tangleing. I did not know we were playing hide & seek with a twist.

The thread in my hand broke again as I unwound it. A deep breath or heavy sigh, I’m not sure which, escaped me. Now there were two ends to uncover, both hidden, and a broken chunck of thread that must be removed or it would mess the plying up later. Double fun, as I determined that the twisted wool I pulled off the bobbin was useless. I hate wasting money, or wool, or anything. It bothered me to see the growing pile of soft grey twisted roving lying in bits on the floor beside me.

I continued to pull the tread off the bobbin until I found it undoubtedly winding back to the beginning. Then picked away at the remaining clump of broken yarn now tangled on the middle of the bobbin. At this point I wonder where my glasses are, but stubbornoly, I do n’t move to find them. I pick away, with persistence if not patience and eventually get the job accomplished.

I begin to spin again. The thread breaks again. I adjust the tension. It breaks again. I determine that Mercury retrograde + spinning wool = massive challenge. This will require regrouping and a fresh approach a little later. Me thinks I will count it victory today, with the end in hand.

Are Goats Pets or Livestock?

kids waiting to come home

kids waiting to come home

I recently read about the plight of a local goat rescue organization who was booted from their acerage residential property because they took in otherwise homeless local goats, and found them new places to live. Fines of $2,500 per day were levied on these kind-hearted folks who found new homes for many animals. It came as a surprise to the landowners, because neighbors are routinely allowed to keep horses. Why would goats be different? Because our local government considers goats as livestock animals. Apparently, horses are considered pets.

The rescued goats were all raised as pets, and treated like family members from birth. Unfortunately, circumstances like the death of a family member, divorce or job relocation… left these goats homeless. During its tenure, this privately funded rescue organization found homes for over 100 pet goats, working with individuals and other such shelters around the state.

Goats are wonderful animals for pets because they are companionable, curious, friendly and intelligent. Goats keep their feed costs down by foraging, which also helps minimize fire danger for the homeowner. In fact, goats are an eco-friendly way to clear brush. They love to climb hillsides, and being small and nimble they do less damage to the landscape than machines or even human hand labor. Their manure is also mild enough to provide immediate nutrition to the soil and surrounding flora. Plus, goats won’t eat a plant down to the soil, so they don’t contribute to erosion the way sheep or horses do. So, goats can be fun pets that help around the property. I like that.

But, why would we need goat rescue in the county? In California, it is easy to find a home for a goat – but it will usually be butchered soon after it moves in. Goats have tasty red meat called ‘chevon’ or ‘cabrito’. It is less gamey than venison and less fat than beef.  To the farmer or rancher, goats are also great livestock animals because they provide milk, meat and fiber. Tasty meat is also good.

You might say that goats are a Gift of the Gods to us because they are so full of utility and easy to keep. This is why we selected a small herd for our farmstead, for fiber production and later for milk, cheese, butter and soap making. As omnivores, I naively thought it would be okay if we had to cull the herd eventually, providing healthy red meat to the equation. Now, I’m not so sure. These kids are so adorable they have gone past livestock to become farmily. It would be hard times indeed to cull this herd.

The goat owners who surrender their animals for rescue and relocation have one thing in common: they want their pets to find a home where they will not be eaten for dinner. This will be so much harder now, at least in this county.

Seems a shame someone would be punished for feeling the same and trying to help out.

For more about the plight of goat rescue in Santa Cruz County go to: www.goatrescue.org

Just Spinning Wheels

After four weeks of classes on Hand Spinning “101″ and half a week of compulsive practice, I have something like a little bit of yarn to work with. My hands ache from the muscles being built by this new activity. Surely this is enough to make something with? Or so I thought. 

very soft and fluffy

very soft and fluffy

A half-pound of icelandic wool roving works into approximately 220 yards of two-ply yarn.  ‘Roving’ is the fiber of an animal, or plant, that has been properly washed and prepared until each fiber lays beside it’s neighbor in an orderly fashion, pulled into a loosely coiled hank and ready to be spun. Roving is available in linen, cotton, silk, hemp, alpaca, wool, cashmere, mohair… the list is almost endless. I have a pound of grey wool roving which I received as a ‘value added bonus’ with the new spinning wheel. It seemed an endless supply.

a pound of icelandic wool roving

a pound of icelandic wool roving

The wheel is a Kromski Sonata, a folding model with it’s own carry case. It was made in Poland and shipped to a US store, The Woolery, located in Kentucky. I shopped for the wheel online after taking recommendations from spinners at a local fiber festival (oh, yes there are such things…) and reading an entire encyclopedia of handspinning, by Alden Amos. I read reviews from spinning wheel users online to see which wheel might be the easiest to learn on and also have a good range of mechanical capability to create different gagues of yarn (thickness).  Which travels best so I can pack it up and go to classes, or spinning guild meetings? Which do I like the looks of?

Ergonimically, chosing a particular wheel from among the hundreds of quality wheels available is all about the height of the uptake orifice. This is the place where the twisted fiber officially leaves your hands and enters the spinning wheel. Which chair will you sit in to spin? Sit there. Bend your arms at the elbows to a 90* angle and measure the height from your hands to the floor. This is the measurement you will need to select your ideal spinning wheel.

Besides the carrying case, and the wool roving; three bobbins came with the wheel. Three bobbins are enough for me to create two-ply yarn. I spin single-ply onto each of two bobbins until they are full. The single-ply is spun with the wheel turning clockwise. Then I place the full bobbins onto the attached bobbin holder called a ‘Lazy Kate’, and spin the two together – counter clockwise – until the bobbin on the wheel is full of new two-ply yarn.

Uh oh. There is still single-ply left on the bobbins in the Lazy Kate. All three bobbins are occupied. I don’t have any more bobbins and have to stop spinning. Of course there is still single-ply left on the bobbins! Two-ply is going to take more room on a bobbin than single-ply. Feeling both stuck and dumb, the obsessive perfectionist in me did not like this moment. But there was a solution.

This is where the next ‘value added bonus’ came into use. It is called a knitty-noddy. (Don’t you just love these names?) When I called the shop to order the spinning wheel I asked the very personable fellow on the line which of the five value added packagages available would be the most help for me, a novice spinner. He said I would definitely need a knitty-noddy, whatever that was, so I requested that package. In case you’re wondering if all those value added bonuses helped to sway my decision on where to by my spinning wheel… well, I saved over $100 dollars. Other retailers didn’t offer these. The VABs definitely helped to make the sale – but the helpful staff was what closed the deal. Side note: The US made wheel which compares with mine retails for almost twice the price. Someone explain this to me. Use little words.

a two-yard knitty-noddy

a two-yard knitty-noddy

When I showed my spinning teacher my new wheel, and its accessories, she picked up the knitty-noddy and said, “Oooo, you’ll need that.” I asked the obvious. “You’ll see…” was the reply. I found out on the last day of class. Boy was I glad I listened to that fellow in Kentucky now that I had a bunch of  yarn to take off this bobbin. The knitty-noddy is used to transfer the yarn into a useful large loop that can then be tied off (to prevent tangles), washed and dried (to set the ply) then balled for later use. So far, I have three skeins of my lovely grey icelandic wool two-ply waiting to be washed & set before I can really call it yarn. I have made about 300 yards of two-ply, mostly spun while I was waiting for something else to happen. My husband placed an order with me for a sweater from the handspun yarn.

Have I made enough yarn for that? A man’s sweater can take anywhere from 1,200 to 1,900 yards of yarn. Maybe more, depending on how fancy it is with different colors and textures like cabeling and ribbing all adding to the amount required. It seems I will need another pound or more of the roving, and a few more weeks of spinning if my husband wants his sweater in this soft grey icelandic wool.

Little Bandits not so Cute!

The Wonder Egg

The Wonder Egg

The first night the racoons came in through the cat door was funny. The dogs went nuts and we all had a good laugh. The cat food was out, and they thought it smelled good. Solution: we put away the cat food bowls at night and got locking containers for the cat & dog chow.

Next time, they entered quietly and found the cat food container but could not open it. So the little bandits pushed it to the opening and tried to push it out the cat door likely thinking, “Just take the safe, we’ll drill it later!” All we humans heard was …’slide…ker-thunk…slide…kerthunk…slide…’ until we came downstairs and shooed them away. Apparently, the dogs are now afraid of the buggers, and no longer give chase. Some watchdogs. The feed container was beside the cat door, with muddy ‘hand’ prints all over it.

Since the effort was successfully thwarted, we thought no more about it. Cleaning up the mess, we continued on it the same fashion blithely unaware, while they were preparing for the assault.

It happened one night when the recycling was piled high beside the harvest table. Too high, creating a convenient ladder to all the garden fresh produce and eggs from the day before. One egg was particularly large, double the size of our jumbo and super jumbo eggs. I’m glad we got a photo of that egg, because in the morning there were muddy racoon prints all over the counters with 7 eggs broken open, and an avocado half eaten with bits of peel everywhere. It took over an hour to clean the hand prints off the counters, dishwasher, stove, floor, feed containers (yes, they are still trying) and dog’s water bowl.

Large Muddy 'Hand' Prints

Large Muddy 'Hand' Prints

Now, this is a real bother. The cats can’t be left out all night, because they would become snacks for the coyotes. The cat door can’t stay open all night, because… well, I just don’t have the kind of time to clean the kitchen like that every morning, and besides it’s expensive on the food bill. So we have a new routine, and call the cats in every night. Then we close the cat/dog door.

In the morning we awaken to the presents our very old and beloved border collie has left on the floor for us. Not always, but occaissionally she just can’t get to the door in time. Of course, with the door shut, there is no way to avoid an accident. So, we still have a mess in the morning, but at least we aren’t suffering the home invasions anymore.

We were just getting used to this routine when summer’s first fruits began to ripen on the trees. Nectarines were the first to show their ruby cheeks, and we dutifully covered the bonsai’d dwarf tree with bird netting. It seemed to be working against the bluejays, and the fruit was ripening nicely.

Then we saw a half eaten fruit, with the pit exposed sitting on the lawn. Someone was testing the nectarines, and leaving the unwanted bits behind. Goldilocks is lucky she survived the bears if they were anywhere near as annoyed as we were. We tightened the net, and over the next few days found it completely removed from the tree and dragged away. There was also a pile of denuded nectarine pits and all our ruddy fruit was gone.

“The tree is very short,” we figured. “It must be like a smorgasborg for them, just the right height.” At 24″ tall, this seemed logical. After 16 years living in the woods and growing food, we hadn’t seen this behaviour before. We were completely unprepared for what came next.

Vaccination Bumps

Two of the bumps left from the breeder’s early CD&T vaccinations have burst and are now healing over on our littlest kid. I need to find a different vaccine for the yearly boosters. These bumps are really unacceptable to me – but I hate vaccinations anyway. Fun thing with goats is you can give the shots without a vet’s assistance. The learning curve on this project is HUGE!

Daily Brush Ups

These animals are so pampered. The goats who have a boulder cave with brick masonry walls to play on and sleep in. The goats who feel like cashmere and super soft mohair – because tha’s what they grow.

Now, the kids are getting used to being brushed with a dog’s curry comb every evening before bed. It gets the bits of forest out of their coats, and keeps them used to being touched all over on a daily basis. It seems to be helpful to remove the animal you are attending to from the rest of the herd first. There can be some jealousy and herd pecking orders are very important. The queen doe doesn’t like it when anyone else gets attention. I will have to take this into consideration and build that grooming/milking stand sooner rather than later.

We weighed them today. Davis, the wethered buck, is 53 lbs at 17-1/2 weeks. Tawny and Blaze are 12 week old twins, weighing 31.4 and 27.4 lbs respectively.

Many Goats Make Light Work

Instanly upon posting my last entry I realized I was remiss in my previous description of our new furry additions to the farmily (farm + family= farmily). While it is true that the Pygora goats will provide mohair and cashmere fiber for spinning; and milk, cheese & butter for the pantry; as well as new baby kids for playful company and future generations of sustainance, but that is all in the future. Our tiny herd has work to do right now.
The most important thing the goats immediately contribute is their insatiable appetites – their ability to digest these dangerously overgrown shrubs into pellets of garden goodness for the soil.
Did you know..? Goat pellets, in small amounts, are alright to lay directly in the planting beds (in layers 1″ or less) for soil building in the garden.
Let me explain why this is all so important. Ours is a wildland farm. We live within a vast coastal forest which is technically almost a rainforest. Things have grown really quickly here since the land was clearcut in the late 1880’s. What was once a lush and silent forest of giant redwoods has become an overgrown mass of opportunistic shooters, pushing eachother over and filling every inch with an extreme amount of kindleing.
Our community was recently deemed to have the most dangerous potential for forest fires. In fact, we have been plagued by wildfires for two summers in a row all due to this unfortunate deforestation less than 100 years ago.
The point being that we cannot possibly keep up with the maintenance of our surrounding forest in a fire-safe fashion without employing crews to carefully remove the over-abundant biomass. Goats are our eco-friendly solution to this situation.
According to Juliette de Bairacli Levy in her “Complete Herbal Handbook for Farm and Stable”, for optimum health goats require foraging time in the woods everyday. This way they can selectively browse for food as they have always done in nature. I have also heard that taking a walk daily is a good thing for humans too, so these are three more good things goats bring to the farmily: ready to use manure compost; eco-friendly clearing of surrounging overgrown brushy fire-start; and daily walking companions.
Despite all the benefits of having goats, too many in the herd would eat too much, so again I find myself facing the scepter of eventual culling if we don’t sell the kids born yearly. This is a bridge to cross later, perhaps and hopefully never. As my grandmother would say, “No use borrowing trouble from tomorrow when today has enough trouble of its own.”

The Kids are Alright

Home at last  Home at last

 

     After 7 months of planning, the new baby goats have finally arrived home to their new corral. The weather here is a little cooler in summer, so their fleeces should be nice and thick. Two doelings and a wethered (castrated) buck came home in the back of a chevy pickup with a new, homemade camper shell to shelter them from the wind. The girls are twins, and all are from the same buck father, with different does for mothers. Pygora is the goat breed ~ they are supposed to be the ideal homesteading animal, as earn their keep with fiber, milk and meat – if you can think of them as livestock and cull the herd when required. These animals have the sweetest dispositions. Intelligent, personable and gentle they are truely worthy of a petting-zoo like our farmstead.
     The goats bring a new mulit-verse of potential to the land, and expand what was a garden with a few chickens into a real small farm.
     It is a steep learning curve, despite the months of preparation and I don’t see it getting any easier, if things go as they ought.
     So many facets to this enterprise. Fiber is the first. This means learning to shear the goats (scissors or clippers?) Then the fiber must be processed into roving (washed, dyed, dried and combed) for handspun yarn. So, what am I doing now? Learning to spin yarn.

TerraGnoma: A demonstration of community in the garden

Terragnoma Community Demonstration Garden

Terragnoma Community Demonstration Garden

In 1884, the place was called “the farm” by F.M. Mott. From as far away as San Francisco and San Jose people regularly gathered to enjoy its bounty by the sea. Today, people gather at the TerraGnoma Community Demonstration Garden for much the same reason. “The idea of ecologicial landscaping is nothing new,” L. Roxanne Evans, founder of the project explains. “It’s gardening like your grandparents did. Composting, mulching, pruning, having chickens was all much more commonplace 60-80 years ago.”

TerraGnoma Community Demonstration Garden, is going back to the beginning from an unlikely start, a garden plot of approximately 50’ x 50’ in the urban neighborhood of Seabright in Santa Cruz. There is an apartment complex across the street, and two houses down, at the end of the street, is the Pacific Ocean.

TerraGnoma is working on borrowed land. Rented, actually. Everything is being accomplished with the help of neighbors, friends, a few unpaid interns and community volunteers.  Evans reflects, “Why wait until we can own land, when the point is to inspire anyone to do this?” Started as a garden among the neighbors in 2004, TerraGnoma opened in April with Volunteer Fridays. The garden is designed to show people how to grow food sustainably in an urban setting. “We’ve been planning this opening since students arrived in October, but couldn’t get the volunteers out until February because of the rains.”

Besides the regular vegetable beds for home grown carrots, kale and the like, the multi-faceted garden is designed to provide its own fertilizer with a combination greenhouse and chicken coop, complete with chickens. There will also be an apiary (bee hive) to harvest wax & honey and encourage pollination in the garden.

This urban agricultural garden is definitely a project. On Friday afternoons volunteers and interns gather to improve the once overgrown garden site, home 100-years-ago to a horse pasture.  The original farmhouse is now two doors down. On summer weekends neighbors carry baskets to the garden to enjoy the fruits of urban agriculture gathered from the site.  

As I arrived, two young men with shovels dug a trench to upgrade an old horse shed for workshop space. The soil is rich and black and I cannot resist taking a handful. A little clay, a little sandy, and full of organic matter. The building is being prepared as an indoor workspace for garden classes and symposiums.  Outside, three young women work with pitchforks layering shredded bark over cardboard to suppress the weeds growing in the healthy soil.

Volunteers build a sense of community

Volunteers build a sense of community

“I use cardboard, sometimes newpapers, with that shredded bark or woodchips.” Evan continues, “Once we were lucky and got some old horse manure mixed with redwood chips. That was really good.”

“A lot of people want a garden to be done, and ready to plant in. But that isn’t where we are here,” Evans explains. “There will be time to do the fun stuff and the maintenance later.” After the overgrown morning glory is cleared, the greenhouse and chicken run installed and bee boxes moved in.

A Belgian hedge of intertwined fruit trees is planned to create one wall at the garden entrance. Within the bed already grows varieties of sage, oregano, marjoram, lavender. “A sort of hedgerow of herbs,” says Evans. The local landscape designer planned the garden after a six month intensive Permaculture course based on Bill Mollison’s text given by local instructors, Larry Santoyo and Ken Foster. A gathering of six-foot-tall cardoon plants, (cousin to the artichoke) stands a thistley guard in the center of the garden. While planted mainly as a “trap crop” to keep good insects in the garden, it is considered a delicacy to some humans too. I am informed that the small artichoke heads are to be largely ignored in favor of blanching the stalks and leaves as a gourmet’s delight. I have not tried this. You, dear reader, are on your own.            

Volunteers are welcome on Fridays from 1 to 5 p.m. Visitors are encouraged on weekends to sample the “marketplace” and share in the offerings of the TerraGnoma Community Demonstration Garden located at 1147B East Cliff Drive in Santa Cruz.  

Call TerraGnoma for weekend market information, volunteering and tours.                   (831) 421-2843.  Evans can be reached at lrevans@ecocentricdesignco.com.

For more information on this article or other garden topics email leslie@residentiallanddesign.com.

Cardoon is a tastey trap crop

Cardoon is a tastey trap crop

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